Configuring Network Settings

1. Setting Up Forwarded Ports

Port Configuration	Values	Description
config.vm.network "forwarded_port"	`guest: 80, host: 8080`	Maps guest port to host port for external access
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"	`host_ip: "127.0.0.1"`	Binds forwarded port to specific host IP
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 2222, id: "ssh"	`id: "ssh"`	Assigns an ID to a forwarded port for easy reference

Example: Forwarding HTTP traffic

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

Example: Forwarding SSH traffic

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 2222, id: "ssh"

2. Using Private Networks

Option	Values	Description
private_network.ip	`192.168.56.10`	Static IP address for the private network interface
private_network.type	`dhcp` or `static`	Network type: DHCP for automatic IP assignment, static for fixed IPs
private_network.auto_config	`true` or `false`	Whether to automatically configure network settings

Example: Static Private Network Configuration

vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"
end

Example: DHCP Private Network Configuration

vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
end

3. Setting Up Public Networks

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"public_network"`	Defines a public network interface for the VM
ip	`"192.168.10.100"`	Static IP address for the public network interface
gateway	`"192.168.10.1"`	Gateway IP for the public network
netmask	`"255.255.255.0"`	Network mask for the public network

Example: Basic Public Network Configuration

# Vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.10.100"
end

Example: Public Network with Gateway and Netmask

# Vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.10.100",
    gateway: "192.168.10.1", netmask: "255.255.255.0"
end

Note: Public networks in Vagrant use the host's network interface to connect directly to the external network. Ensure that the specified IP is not in use on your local network.

4. Configuring Static IP

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"`	Assigns a static IP to the VM

Example: Setting a Static IP

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"
end

Note: The IP address must be within the range of the private network Vagrant manages by default.

5. Using DHCP Assignment

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"dhcp"`	Assigns a dynamic IP address using DHCP

Example: Basic DHCP Configuration

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
end

Note: DHCP-assigned IPs are not persistent across Vagrant box restarts.

Warning: Ensure your host machine allows DHCP traffic for private networks.

6. Setting Network Bridge

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"private_network", type: "dhcp"`	Configures a private network with DHCP
config.vm.network	`"private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"`	Assigns a static IP to the private network
config.vm.network	`"private_network", type: "bridge"`	Enables bridged network mode

Example: Bridged Network Configuration

config.vm.network "private_network", type: "bridge"

Note: Bridged networking allows the VM to appear as a separate device on the network, directly connected to the host's physical network interface.

7. Configuring Auto-Config

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"private_network", type: "dhcp"`	Enables DHCP for private network interface
config.vm.network	`"private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"`	Assigns static IP to private network interface
config.vm.network	`"private_network", type: "dhcp", auto_config: true`	Enables automatic configuration of network settings via DHCP
config.vm.network	`"private_network", type: "dhcp", auto_config: false`	Disables automatic configuration of network settings via DHCP

Example: Enabling Auto-Config with DHCP

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp", auto_config: true
end

Example: Disabling Auto-Config

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp", auto_config: false
end

Note: When auto_config is set to false, Vagrant will not attempt to configure network settings automatically, and manual configuration may be required.

8. Setting MAC Address

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"private_network", mac: "080027123456"`	Assigns a specific MAC address to the private network interface

Example: Setting a Custom MAC Address

vagrantfile_content = <<~EOF
VAGRANTFILE_CONTENT
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "ubuntu/focal64"
  config.vm.network "private_network", mac: "080027123456"
end
EOF

9. Using Multiple Network Interfaces

Interface Type	Configuration	Description
private_network	`{ "type": "dhcp" }`	Assigns a private IP via DHCP
private_network	`{ "type": "static", "ip": "192.168.56.10" }`	Assigns a static IP address
private_network	`{ "type": "static", "ip": "192.168.56.11", "netmask": "255.255.255.0" }`	Assigns a static IP with custom netmask
public_network	`{ "type": "dhcp" }`	Assigns a public IP via DHCP
public_network	`{ "type": "static", "ip": "10.0.2.15" }`	Assigns a static IP on public network

Example: Configure Multiple Network Interfaces

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"
  config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "10.0.2.15"
end

Note: Multiple network interfaces can be configured to provide different levels of access and communication between the host machine and guest VM.

10. Configuring Network Protocols

Protocol	Configuration	Description
dhcp	`"dhcp"`	Enables DHCP for automatic IP assignment
static	`"static"`	Assigns a fixed IP address to the guest
private_network	`"private_network"`	Creates a private network interface for the guest
public_network	`"public_network"`	Connects the guest to a public network interface

Example: Static IP Configuration

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"
end

Example: DHCP Configuration

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "private_network", type: "dhcp"
end

11. Setting Port Collision Detection

Option	Values	Description
config.vm.network	`"forwarded_port"`	Defines a forwarded port configuration
host	`int`	Host port to forward from (e.g., 8080)
guest	`int`	Guest port to forward to (e.g., 80)
auto_correct	`true` \| `false`	If true, Vagrant will attempt to find an available host port if the specified one is in use

Example: Forwarding a Port with Collision Detection

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.network "forwarded_port", host: 8080, guest: 80, auto_correct: true
end

Note: When auto_correct is enabled, Vagrant will log which port was actually assigned.