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Mapagam

20 SECTIONS · 357 TOPICS

Low Level Design Roadmap

  1. Component Architecture Patterns

    1. 1. React Functional Components and Hooks (useState, useEffect)
    2. Example: Complete functional component with hooks
    3. 2. Vue 3 Composition API (setup, ref, reactive)
    4. Example: Vue 3 Composition API component
    5. 3. Angular 17 Standalone Components
    6. Example: Angular 17 standalone component with signals
    7. 4. Atomic Design System (Atoms, Molecules, Organisms) with Storybook
    8. Example: Storybook configuration and component story
    9. 5. TypeScript Props Interface and Type Definitions
    10. Example: Comprehensive TypeScript component interfaces
    11. 6. Higher-Order Components (HOC) Pattern and Render Props
    12. Example: HOC for authentication and loading states
    13. Component Architecture Best Practices

  2. State Management Solutions

    1. 1. Redux Toolkit (createSlice, configureStore) and RTK Query
    2. Example: Redux Toolkit with RTK Query complete setup
    3. 2. Zustand Lightweight Store (create, set, get)
    4. Example: Zustand store with middleware and actions
    5. 3. React Context API Provider and useContext Pattern
    6. Example: Context API with TypeScript and custom hook
    7. 4. Recoil Atoms and Selectors (atom, selector, useRecoilState)
    8. Example: Recoil atoms, selectors, and families
    9. 5. MobX Observable State Trees (makeObservable, action)
    10. Example: MobX store with observer components
    11. 6. SWR Data Fetching and Caching (useSWR)
    12. Example: SWR with mutations and optimistic updates
    13. State Management Comparison

  3. Data Flow Architecture and Patterns

    1. 1. Flux and Redux Unidirectional Data Flow (Actions, Reducers, Store)
    2. Example: Complete Flux/Redux unidirectional data flow
    3. 2. GraphQL with Apollo Client Cache Normalization
    4. Example: Apollo Client with normalized cache and optimistic updates
    5. 3. React Query (useQuery, useMutation) and Optimistic Updates
    6. Example: React Query with optimistic updates and rollback
    7. 4. WebSocket Real-time Data Sync (Socket.io, ws)
    8. Example: WebSocket with React hook and reconnection logic
    9. 5. IndexedDB for Offline Data Persistence and Storage
    10. Example: IndexedDB wrapper with React hook
    11. 6. Observer Pattern and Event Emitters (EventEmitter, PubSub)
    12. Example: Event Emitter implementation with React integration
    13. Data Flow Architecture Patterns

  4. Event Handling Patterns and Performance

    1. 1. React SyntheticEvent (preventDefault, stopPropagation)
    2. Example: React SyntheticEvent with type-safe handlers
    3. 2. Event Delegation (addEventListener, event.target)
    4. Example: Event delegation with dynamic elements
    5. 3. Custom Events (dispatchEvent, CustomEvent API)
    6. Example: Custom events for component communication
    7. 4. Debounce and Throttle Functions (Lodash, Custom)
    8. Example: Debounce and throttle implementations with React hooks
    9. 5. Keyboard Navigation (tabindex, focus, keydown)
    10. Example: Keyboard navigation with roving tabindex
    11. 6. Touch Events and Mobile Gestures (touchstart, touchmove)
    12. Example: Touch gestures with swipe and pinch detection
    13. Event Handling Best Practices

  5. Rendering Strategies (SSR, SSG, CSR, ISR)

    1. 1. Next.js 14 App Router SSR SSG
    2. Example: Next.js 14 App Router with SSR, SSG, and ISR
    3. 2. Client-Side Rendering (CSR) with Vite and React
    4. Example: Vite React SPA with optimized configuration
    5. 3. Nuxt 3 Universal Rendering (Hybrid SSR/SSG)
    6. Example: Nuxt 3 universal rendering with data fetching
    7. 4. React 18 Concurrent Features
    8. Example: React 18 concurrent features in action
    9. 5. Virtual Scrolling (react-window, react-virtualized) for Large Lists
    10. Example: Virtual scrolling for large datasets
    11. 6. Streaming SSR with React Suspense and Server Components
    12. Example: Streaming SSR with Suspense boundaries
    13. Rendering Strategy Comparison

  6. Responsive Design Patterns and Techniques

    1. 1. CSS Grid and Flexbox Layout (display: grid, flex)
    2. Example: CSS Grid and Flexbox responsive layouts
    3. 2. Tailwind CSS Responsive Utilities (sm, md, lg, xl)
    4. Example: Tailwind CSS responsive design patterns
    5. 3. Container Queries CSS Modern
    6. Example: Container queries for component-based responsiveness
    7. 4. Intersection Observer API for Lazy Loading Images
    8. Example: Intersection Observer for lazy loading
    9. 5. Mobile-First Breakpoint Strategy (min-width media queries)
    10. Example: Mobile-first responsive design
    11. 6. Adaptive Loading Based on Network Speed (navigator.connection)
    12. Example: Adaptive loading based on network and device
    13. Responsive Design Best Practices

  7. Accessibility (A11y) Best Practices and WCAG

    1. 1. WCAG 2.1 AA Standards and Semantic HTML5 Elements
    2. Example: WCAG 2.1 AA compliant semantic HTML structure
    3. 2. ARIA Labels (aria-label, aria-labelledby), Roles, and Screen Readers
    4. Example: ARIA attributes for accessible components
    5. 3. Focus Management (roving tabindex, focus-visible)
    6. Example: Focus management and roving tabindex
    7. 4. Color Contrast Checker (WebAIM, 4.5:1 ratio)
    8. Example: Color contrast compliance and testing
    9. 5. Keyboard Navigation Testing (Tab, Enter, Escape)
    10. Example: Keyboard navigation implementation
    11. 6. axe-core Automated Accessibility Testing and Audits
    12. Example: Automated accessibility testing with axe-core
    13. Accessibility Best Practices Summary

  8. Error Handling Patterns and Recovery

    1. 1. React Error Boundaries (componentDidCatch, getDerivedStateFromError)
    2. Example: React Error Boundaries implementation
    3. 2. Vue Error Handling (errorCaptured, errorHandler)
    4. Example: Vue error handling patterns
    5. 3. Error Monitoring (Sentry, LogRocket, Bugsnag)
    6. Example: Sentry and LogRocket integration
    7. 4. Toast Notifications (react-hot-toast, react-toastify)
    8. Example: Toast notifications for user feedback
    9. 5. Retry Logic with Exponential Backoff Algorithm
    10. Example: Retry logic with exponential backoff
    11. 6. Fallback UI and Skeleton Loading States (Suspense)
    12. Example: Skeleton screens and loading states
    13. Error Handling Best Practices

  9. Performance Optimization and Web Vitals

    1. 1. Core Web Vitals (LCP, CLS, FID, INP) - Google Metrics
    2. Example: Core Web Vitals measurement and optimization
    3. 2. Code Splitting (React.lazy, dynamic import, Suspense)
    4. Example: Code splitting strategies
    5. 3. React Memoization (React.memo, useMemo, useCallback)
    6. Example: Memoization techniques in React
    7. 4. Webpack Bundle Analyzer and Tree Shaking
    8. Example: Bundle analysis and optimization
    9. 5. Image Optimization (next/image, WebP, AVIF formats)
    10. Example: Modern image optimization techniques
    11. 6. Service Worker Caching Strategies with Workbox
    12. Example: Service Worker with Workbox caching strategies
    13. Performance Optimization Summary

  10. Frontend Security Best Practices

    1. 1. XSS Prevention (DOMPurify Sanitization, escapeHtml)
    2. Example: XSS prevention with DOMPurify
    3. 2. CSRF Protection (SameSite Cookies, Anti-CSRF Tokens)
    4. Example: CSRF protection implementation
    5. 3. Content Security Policy (CSP) Headers and Nonce
    6. Example: Comprehensive CSP implementation
    7. 4. JWT Token Storage (HttpOnly Cookies vs localStorage)
    8. Example: Secure JWT token storage and handling
    9. 5. Input Validation (Joi, Yup, Zod Schemas)
    10. Example: Comprehensive input validation
    11. 6. HTTPS and Certificate Pinning for Secure Connections
    12. Example: HTTPS and security configuration
    13. Frontend Security Best Practices Summary

  11. API Integration Patterns and REST

    1. 1. Axios and Fetch API with Error Handling (try-catch)
    2. Example: Axios vs Fetch API with comprehensive error handling
    3. 2. GraphQL Apollo Client and Code Generation (graphql-codegen)
    4. Example: GraphQL with Apollo Client and code generation
    5. 3. tRPC Type-safe API Calls (End-to-End TypeScript)
    6. Example: tRPC full-stack type-safe implementation
    7. 4. React Query Infinite Queries (useInfiniteQuery)
    8. Example: React Query comprehensive implementation
    9. 5. MSW (Mock Service Worker) for API Testing and Mocking
    10. Example: MSW for API mocking
    11. 6. API Rate Limiting and Retry Logic with Exponential Backoff
    12. Example: Advanced retry logic and rate limiting
    13. API Integration Best Practices Summary

  12. Frontend Testing Strategies and Tools

    1. 1. Unit Testing (Jest, Vitest, describe, it, expect)
    2. Example: Jest and Vitest comprehensive unit testing setup
    3. 2. React Testing Library (render, screen, fireEvent, userEvent)
    4. Example: React Testing Library comprehensive user interaction tests
    5. 3. E2E Testing (Cypress, Playwright, Selenium)
    6. Example: Cypress and Playwright E2E testing
    7. 4. Component Testing with Storybook (Stories, Play function)
    8. Example: Storybook setup and component stories
    9. 5. Test Coverage (Istanbul, NYC, Coverage.js)
    10. Example: Istanbul coverage configuration and reporting
    11. 6. Visual Regression Testing (Chromatic, Percy, BackstopJS)
    12. Example: Visual regression testing setup
    13. Frontend Testing Best Practices Summary

  13. Styling Solutions and CSS Patterns

    1. 1. CSS-in-JS (Styled-components, Emotion, styled-system)
    2. Example: Styled-components with dynamic theming
    3. Example: Emotion with css prop (faster than styled-components)
    4. 2. Tailwind CSS Utility-first Approach (JIT mode)
    5. Example: Tailwind configuration and custom utilities
    6. Example: Responsive design with Tailwind
    7. 3. CSS Variables (--custom-property) and Custom Properties
    8. Example: Design system with CSS variables
    9. Example: Runtime theme switching with JavaScript
    10. 4. Design Tokens and Figma to Code Integration
    11. Example: Design tokens structure (tokens.json)
    12. Example: Style Dictionary configuration and build
    13. 5. Dark Mode and Light Mode Toggle (prefers-color-scheme)
    14. Example: Complete dark mode implementation with persistence
    15. Example: Prevent flash of wrong theme (critical inline script)
    16. 6. Component Libraries (MUI, Chakra UI, Ant Design, shadcn/ui)
    17. Example: Material-UI (MUI) with custom theme
    18. Example: Chakra UI with composition and dark mode
    19. Example: shadcn/ui with Radix primitives (copy-paste approach)
    20. Styling Strategy Decision Matrix

  14. Internationalization (i18n) and Localization

    1. 1. i18n Libraries (React-intl, i18next, FormatJS)
    2. Example: react-i18next setup with TypeScript
    3. Example: react-intl (FormatJS) implementation
    4. 2. Dynamic Locale Loading and Lazy i18n Bundle Splitting
    5. Example: Dynamic locale loading with react-i18next
    6. Example: Webpack/Vite magic comments for chunk naming
    7. Example: Preloading strategy for better UX
    8. 3. Pluralization and ICU Message Format Syntax
    9. Example: ICU MessageFormat pluralization rules
    10. Example: react-intl with ICU MessageFormat
    11. Example: i18next with ICU plugin
    12. 4. RTL and LTR Support (dir attribute, CSS Logical Properties)
    13. Example: CSS logical properties for RTL support
    14. Example: React RTL implementation with context
    15. Example: Tailwind CSS with RTL plugin
    16. 5. Date and Timezone Formatting (date-fns, Intl.DateTimeFormat)
    17. Example: date-fns with locale formatting
    18. Example: Timezone handling with date-fns-tz
    19. Example: Native Intl API for formatting
    20. 6. TypeScript Translation Key Validation and Type Safety
    21. Example: TypeScript with i18next typed translations
    22. Example: Generate types from translation files
    23. Example: typesafe-i18n library (zero-dependency, full type safety)
    24. Example: Validation in CI/CD pipeline
    25. I18n Implementation Checklist

  15. Project Structure and Code Organization

    1. 1. Monorepo Setup (Nx, Lerna, Turborepo, pnpm workspace)
    2. Example: Nx monorepo setup with React and shared libraries
    3. Example: Turborepo setup (simpler alternative)
    4. Example: pnpm workspaces (lightweight approach)
    5. 2. Feature-based Folder Structure (components, hooks, utils)
    6. Example: Feature-based structure (recommended for large apps)
    7. Example: Colocation pattern (keep related files together)
    8. Example: Next.js App Router with features
    9. 3. Barrel Exports and Index Files (index.ts)
    10. Example: Feature barrel export pattern
    11. Example: Tree-shaking friendly exports
    12. Example: Component library barrel exports
    13. 4. Absolute Imports and Path Mapping (tsconfig paths, @alias)
    14. Example: TypeScript path mapping configuration
    15. Example: Vite configuration with aliases
    16. Example: Next.js automatic path mapping
    17. Example: Jest configuration for path mapping
    18. 5. ESLint, Prettier, and Husky Pre-commit Hooks
    19. Example: Complete ESLint + Prettier + Husky setup
    20. Example: Husky + lint-staged configuration
    21. Example: Next.js ESLint configuration
    22. 6. TypeScript Strict Mode Configuration (strict: true)
    23. Example: Strict TypeScript configuration
    24. Example: Strict null checks and proper typing
    25. Example: Class strictPropertyInitialization
    26. Example: noUncheckedIndexedAccess
    27. Project Structure Best Practices

  16. Development Workflow and Build Tools

    1. 1. Vite Hot Module Replacement (HMR) and Fast Refresh
    2. Example: Vite configuration with HMR
    3. Example: React Fast Refresh with state preservation
    4. Example: Vite environment variables with HMR
    5. 2. Webpack Dev Server and Proxy Configuration
    6. Example: Webpack Dev Server proxy configuration
    7. Example: Vite proxy configuration
    8. Example: Create React App proxy setup
    9. 3. CI/CD with GitHub Actions (Workflows, Pipelines)
    10. Example: Complete CI/CD workflow for React app
    11. Example: Deployment workflow to Vercel/Netlify
    12. Example: Monorepo CI with Turborepo
    13. Example: Automated dependency updates with Dependabot
    14. 4. Pre-commit Hooks (lint-staged, Husky, commitlint)
    15. Example: Complete pre-commit hooks setup
    16. Example: Advanced lint-staged configuration
    17. Example: Monorepo lint-staged with Turborepo
    18. 5. Component Documentation with Storybook (MDX, Docs)
    19. Example: Storybook setup and configuration
    20. Example: Component stories with all variants
    21. Example: Interactive stories with play function
    22. Example: MDX documentation with embedded stories
    23. 6. Bundle Analyzer (webpack-bundle-analyzer) and Performance Monitoring
    24. Example: Webpack Bundle Analyzer setup
    25. Example: Vite bundle analysis with visualizer
    26. Example: Next.js bundle analysis
    27. Example: Bundle size budgets and monitoring
    28. Development Workflow Optimization Checklist

  17. Advanced Frontend Architecture Patterns

    1. 1. Micro-Frontends (Module Federation, Webpack 5, Single-SPA)
    2. Example: Webpack Module Federation setup
    3. Example: Vite Module Federation with plugin
    4. Example: Communication between micro-frontends
    5. 2. Web Components and Custom Elements (customElements.define)
    6. Example: Creating Custom Element with Shadow DOM
    7. Example: Web Component with Lit library (simplifies creation)
    8. Example: Slots for content projection
    9. 3. Islands Architecture (Astro, Qwik, Partial Hydration)
    10. Example: Astro Islands Architecture
    11. Example: Qwik resumability (no hydration)
    12. Example: Astro with React islands for interactivity
    13. 4. React Server Components (RSC) - Next.js 13+
    14. Example: Next.js App Router with Server Components
    15. Example: Data fetching patterns with Server Components
    16. Example: Mixing Server and Client Components
    17. 5. Edge Computing and Edge Functions (Vercel Edge, Cloudflare Workers)
    18. Example: Vercel Edge Function (Next.js)
    19. Example: Cloudflare Workers with KV storage
    20. Example: Edge function for personalization
    21. 6. WebAssembly (WASM) Integration for Performance
    22. Example: Rust WebAssembly module with wasm-pack
    23. Example: AssemblyScript for TypeScript developers
    24. Example: Real-world WASM use case - Image compression
    25. Advanced Architecture Decision Matrix

  18. Progressive Web Apps (PWA) Development

    1. 1. Service Workers (register, install, activate) and Workbox Caching
    2. Example: Workbox service worker setup
    3. Example: Custom Workbox service worker
    4. Example: React hook for service worker updates
    5. 2. Web App Manifest (manifest.json) and Installation Prompts
    6. Example: Complete manifest.json configuration
    7. Example: Install prompt handling with React
    8. Example: Vite PWA plugin setup
    9. 3. Push Notifications (Web Push API, FCM, OneSignal)
    10. Example: Frontend push notification setup
    11. Example: Service worker push event handler
    12. Example: Backend push notification server (Node.js)
    13. 4. Background Sync (sync event) and Offline Queue
    14. Example: Background Sync for offline form submission
    15. Example: Offline-first form component
    16. Example: Periodic Background Sync (Chrome only)
    17. 5. IndexedDB Storage Management (idb, Dexie.js)
    18. Example: IndexedDB with idb library (recommended)
    19. Example: React hook for IndexedDB
    20. Example: Dexie.js for advanced queries
    21. 6. App Shell Architecture for Fast Load Performance
    22. Example: App Shell structure with React
    23. Example: Service worker for App Shell caching
    24. Example: Performance optimization with App Shell
    25. PWA Implementation Checklist

  19. Development Best Practices and Clean Code

    1. 1. Clean Code Principles and SOLID (Single Responsibility, DRY)
    2. Example: Single Responsibility Principle
    3. Example: Open/Closed Principle with composition
    4. Example: Dependency Inversion with dependency injection
    5. 2. Design Patterns (Factory, Observer, Singleton, Strategy)
    6. Example: Factory Pattern for dynamic component creation
    7. Example: Observer Pattern for event system
    8. Example: Strategy Pattern for payment processing
    9. 3. Performance Budgets and Lighthouse CI Automation
    10. Example: Lighthouse CI setup for automated performance testing
    11. Example: GitHub Actions CI workflow with Lighthouse
    12. Example: Webpack performance budgets
    13. 4. Route-based Code Splitting (React.lazy, dynamic import)
    14. Example: React route-based code splitting
    15. Example: Component-based code splitting with prefetching
    16. Example: Next.js dynamic imports with loading states
    17. 5. Tree Shaking and Dead Code Elimination (ES Modules)
    18. Example: Proper module structure for tree shaking
    19. Example: package.json sideEffects configuration
    20. Example: Optimizing library imports for tree shaking
    21. 6. Bundle Optimization (Webpack, Rollup, Vite, esbuild)
    22. Example: Advanced Webpack optimization configuration
    23. Example: Vite optimization configuration
    24. Example: Advanced bundle analysis and optimization
    25. Bundle Optimization Checklist

  20. Deployment and Production Strategies

    1. 1. Hosting Platforms (Vercel, Netlify, Cloudflare Pages, AWS Amplify)
    2. Example: Vercel deployment configuration
    3. Example: Netlify deployment configuration
    4. Example: Cloudflare Pages deployment
    5. 2. Docker Containers for Frontend Apps (Dockerfile, docker-compose)
    6. Example: Multi-stage Dockerfile for React app
    7. Example: Nginx configuration for SPA
    8. Example: Next.js SSR Dockerfile
    9. Example: Docker Compose for full-stack development
    10. 3. CDN and Asset Optimization (CloudFront, Cloudflare CDN)
    11. Example: CloudFront distribution setup with Terraform
    12. Example: CDN cache control headers
    13. Example: Cloudflare Workers for edge optimization
    14. 4. Environment Variables (.env, process.env) and Configuration
    15. Example: Environment variables setup with validation
    16. Example: Multiple environment configurations
    17. Example: AWS Secrets Manager integration
    18. 5. Deployment Strategies (Blue-Green, Canary, Rolling Deployments)
    19. Example: Kubernetes Blue-Green deployment
    20. Example: Canary deployment with traffic splitting
    21. Example: Vercel deployment with preview URLs
    22. 6. Monitoring and Performance Tracking (Sentry, New Relic, Datadog)
    23. Example: Sentry integration with source maps
    24. Example: Custom performance monitoring
    25. Example: Comprehensive monitoring dashboard setup
    26. Production Deployment Checklist