Implementing Database Migration

1. Implementing Schema Versioning

2. Implementing Migration Scripts

-- V20260101_001__create_orders.sql
CREATE TABLE orders (
  id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  customer_id UUID NOT NULL,
  status VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
  total_cents BIGINT NOT NULL CHECK (total_cents >= 0),
  placed_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL DEFAULT now()
);
CREATE INDEX idx_orders_customer ON orders(customer_id, placed_at DESC);

3. Implementing Rollback Scripts

4. Implementing Baseline Migration

5. Implementing Repeatable Migrations

6. Implementing Callback Handlers

7. Implementing Migration Validation

8. Implementing Out-of-Order Migrations

9. Implementing Placeholder Replacement

-- placeholders: schema=acme
CREATE TABLE ${schema}.orders ( ... );

10. Implementing Migration Testing

11. Implementing Data Migrations

12. Implementing Zero-Downtime Migrations